Pulse Tube Cryocoolers

Pulse tube refrigerators are available in single stage (to about 50 K) and two stage (to 3 K) designs, and are especially useful where vibrations must be controlled.  Pulse tube refrigerators eliminate the moving internal regenerator found in most other types of cryocoolers, resulting in lower mechanical vibrations (especially as measured at the vacuum mounting flange).  When combined with vibration-isolation techniques such as flexible thermal braids, pulse tube cooler displacements can be reduced to a level compatible with sensitive detectors and nanoscale devices.

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