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Ferromagnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (FMR)

PhaseFMR, CryoFMR and ST-FMR from NanOsc

The NanOsc Instruments line of broadband ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) spectrometers provides turn-key systems for investigating magnetization dynamics in magnetic thin films. Broadband FMR measurements over a wide frequency range enable accurate extraction of material parameters that are not accessible by static measurement techniques alone.

The portfolio includes PhaseFMR for room-temperature measurements, CryoFMR for temperature- and field-dependent measurements with Quantum Design DynaCool® and VersaLab® systems, and ST-FMR for advanced spin-transport measurements. A Cryo ST-FMR configuration combines ST-FMR capabilities with variable-temperature and high-field measurements.

Features

Turn-key FMR spectrometer with easy-to-use software interface
Broadband FMR using a coplanar waveguide
Determines effective magnetization (Meff), anisotropy (K), gyromagnetic ratio (γ), damping (α) and inhomogeneous broadening (ΔH₀)
Enables extraction of exchange stiffness (A) and inverse spin Hall effect (ISHE)
ST-FMR adds extraction of the spin Hall angle (SHA) and damping-like and field-like torque efficiencies (DLTE and FLTE)
CryoFMR configurations enable temperature- and magnetic-field-dependent FMR measurements with DynaCool® and VersaLab®

Further information

Broadband FMR Spectroscopy

Broadband ferromagnetic resonance spectroscopy probes the microwave magnetization dynamics of magnetic materials. A sample is positioned on a coplanar waveguide (CPW), where a radio-frequency magnetic field excites the magnetization. By sweeping the external magnetic field at a fixed microwave frequency, the resonance response of the sample can be measured.

Repeating these measurements over a wide frequency range allows the resonance field and linewidth to be analyzed as a function of frequency. This provides access to parameters such as effective magnetization, anisotropy, gyromagnetic ratio, damping and inhomogeneous broadening.

Broadband FMR is particularly well suited to magnetic thin films used in fundamental spintronics and magnonics research as well as magnetic memories, sensors, logic and microwave signal processing.

PhaseFMR

PhaseFMR provides broadband FMR measurements at room temperature.

Depending on the configuration, PhaseFMR covers bandwidths from 2–8 GHz up to 2–60 GHz.

CryoFMR

CryoFMR extends broadband FMR measurements to variable temperatures and high magnetic fields. The CryoFMR probe is designed for integration with Quantum Design DynaCool® and VersaLab® measurement platforms and includes dedicated coplanar waveguides for in-plane and out-of-plane measurements.

With DynaCool®, measurements can be performed from 5 K to 400 K and with magnetic fields of ±9, ±12 or ±14 T, depending on the host system. VersaLab® provides a temperature range from 55 K to 400 K and magnetic fields up to ±3 T.

The minimum achievable temperature depends on modulation amplitude and RF frequency. The 60 GHz CryoFMR configuration is available only with PPMS® DynaCool®.

ST-FMR

ST-FMR extends the NanOsc FMR platform with measurements for extracting the spin Hall angle (SHA) as well as damping-like and field-like torque efficiencies (DLTE and FLTE).

Room-temperature ST-FMR configurations are available with bandwidths of 2–20 GHz and 2–40 GHz. The Cryo ST-FMR configuration provides the same bandwidth options for measurements with DynaCool® and VersaLab®.

Specifications

Instrument	Bandwidth	Temperature Range	Magnetic Field
PhaseFMR	2–8, 2–20, 2–40, 2–60 GHz	Room temperature	User-supplied voltage-controllable power supply / electromagnet
ST-FMR	2–20, 2–40 GHz	Room temperature	User-supplied voltage-controllable power supply / electromagnet
CryoFMR	2–8, 2–20, 2–40, 2–60^** GHz	5^–400 K with DynaCool® 55^–400 K with VersaLab®	±9, ±12, ±14 T with DynaCool® ±3 T with VersaLab®
Cryo ST-FMR	2–20, 2–40 GHz	5^–400 K with DynaCool® 55^–400 K with VersaLab®	±9, ±12, ±14 T with DynaCool® ±3 T with VersaLab®

^* Minimum temperature depends on modulation amplitude and RF frequency.
^** 60 GHz only with PPMS® DynaCool®.

Applications

FMR Measurements of Ultra-Thin Magnetic Films

Broadband FMR can be used to characterize very thin magnetic films. The example below shows an FMR measurement of a 2 nm Co₄₀Fe₄₀B₂₀ film and the subsequent analysis of resonance field and linewidth as a function of frequency.

These measurements enable the extraction of magnetic parameters such as damping, inhomogeneous broadening and effective magnetization.

Temperature-Dependent FMR Measurements

CryoFMR enables broadband FMR measurements over a wide temperature range, allowing temperature-dependent changes in magnetization dynamics to be investigated.

Measurements of parameters such as damping, effective magnetization and inhomogeneous broadening as a function of temperature provide insight into the magnetic properties and dynamics of thin-film materials.